Street pavement or roadway.



` A. E. 'scHUtrrrBI STREET -PAVEMENT 0R. ROADWAY.

APPLICATION PILED'IAY 3. 1905. .91 2,898, Patented Feb. 16, 1909.

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AUGUST E. SGHUTTE, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Speeiication ol. Letters Patent.

STREET PAVEMENT QR ROADWAY'.

Patented Feb. 16, 1909.

Application filed May 3, 1905. Serial No. 258,697.

`To dll whom it' may concern:

'Be it known that I, AUGUST now residin and State ot lvlassa'chusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Street Paiements? or Roadways,of which the following is a full', clear, and exactescript'ion,4 -A reterence being` vhad to the. accompanying drawings, forming a part of 'this speciiicw' tion, in explaining itsnaturel The iii'veiitionrelate's to the construction ot a wearing surface of a sheet pavement upon la suitable foundatioii--coiicrete,l lor of,

any other ki'nd. .Thiswearing surface is made of a mixture ofzstones, sandand bitu-- nien,

It has been the special object of. my invention vto 'devise a means whereby a stablewearing'surface for a pavement of' bituminousjconcrete may-be constriictedot as Vfew'v grades otcriished stone fasv possible, thus elii'iiinating muchyofheflabor and expense et screening the s'tonef and much-lof' the-1 'necessity of measuring by weight or bulk various grades of mineral components hith-` erto usedinf-various proportions in the construction of' this'iclass ofpavement.

It is 'obvious that at least two grades of ,the mineral element, or crushed stone, are

essential inorder that the stones of the smaller grademay till the voids between the' stones of thelarger grade. Ithas been the most common practice t0 usey t-liree or more grades ofV crushed stone, but I 'havedevised a combination of two grades of certain rela--v tive weights which if jmiXed according to the 'proportions' which I have devisedwill form a mass in which' the heavier or wearing' stones. will vbear ,the brunt. of traffic while the stones of the lio'hter grade will serve as keys t0 keep the wearing stones in place, thus givingstability to the mass,

and enabling the bituminous cement to imite with the whole so as to produce a watertight surface without' the use of a large amount-'of Abitumen which the most expensive of the elements forniingtliis'concrete. I' am aware that'paveinents of bituminous concrete have been constructed vin which the mineral aggregate was 'of two 1grades, but the peculiarity of my pavement lies in the relative weights ot the stones used anfhthe relative amount of each grade in the ILS or.itri"rii, asubject oit William, Emperor ot' Germany,A having taken out my first naturalization papers ascitizenof'the United. States-,and

inl Boston, cpunty of.Siiolk,f

lin conta'ict with each other. takethe entire impact wear and tear of the tratiic and might be of anydesirable weight mixture whei-'eby-are-.eii'ected both stability aandeconorny. o fljmater-ials and labor.

Y The construction'can easily be understood 1by 'refereiice to the. drawings, in whichlififure 1 is vieta-ini section re resentinof b D la' partei a sheet` street pavement containing n'iyfinifention,the sub-foundation being ot' concrete. Fig is a` similar but enlarged `View, showingv a. sub-'foundation of rolled stones of diferentsizes.- Fig. 3 is an'enlarge'd viewf in section ot' the wearing surfacev to show. its construction.

Referring to the drawings :-.-A is the wearing surfaceshown'inore inl detail in Fig. 3. i

vis the vfoundation 1which might be of .any desired kind, sectionrblilig. l, showing con crete, .while b2,- Fig. `2, shows rolled broken stones. -4 Y zt-'are the wearing stones (see F ig. 3) These stones or size.`

.a2,` Fig. 3, shows the filling Stonesva in their places;A These stones are of most im vpoi-tance infmy construction and upon them hinge the novelty of this invention. Each of these stones should have a weight which is tothe weightI of a wearing stone ,as

klm-50, or weight approximating 2% toV 211% of theweight of each .wearing stone,

the actual weight lof thedifferent particles depending' somewhat upon the fracture intowhich different kinds of stone break; stones like trap orgranite breaking into cubes require such a ratio as l +4 0, or about 2% of,4

.the weight of a wearing stone, while limestones, slate, etc., which break"intogslabby 2%'01" the weight'of'a wearing-stone. I Of these filling stones having the above ratio I use an amount by weight which is'to' the wearing stonesf about aslz2; for infi stance,- if wearing stones the individual pieces of which weigh 50 grams ai' e'us'i =.d,-I take ot these stones two parts and add tothem one pai-t by weight of tillingstones the individual vpieces of which weigh about one gram,'-the amount of the one gram filling stones is sufficient ,to enter all ,spacesh between the wearing stones, which are in contact. and key and fill thesame.

a5, Fig. 3, shows the bitumlnoiiscement ment and'ill the remaining spaces and bind .95 pieces, require the ratio of 1-:-5 0, or about;

mixed with sand or other fine mineral to cethe whole into a 'mass .lt can readily be seen that latitude inftlie proportion is necessary as the same depends upon the fracture and shape into which different kindsof' stones are crushed. In some cases the ratio or" tiie filling stones to the Wearing stones" might be as 2:3 and in others might be as 1:' 3, but under ordinary conditions the ratio will be1:2. It should be understood that this Wearing surface'is applied to the subfoundation while the bituminous composition is in a plastic condition and under Inoderate or heavy pressure vpreferably provided steam rollers. lt Will also be understood that'tlie pavement is adapted 'or any purpose Wherea continuous sheet covering is necessary in roadways, sidewalks, areas, etc.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire tosecure 'by Letters Patent of the United States l. A Wearing surface in a pavement or roadwaycomposed otwearing and filling stones the ratio of the Weight of each filling stone to the weight ol each Wearing stone being approximately as 1:50, the wearing stones being in contact with each other the` smaller stones serving as keys to the larger stones and the whole being mixed with a bituminous cement as described.

i). A wearing surface in a pavement or roadway composed of Wearing and filling stones, the amount of' filling stones being pro- 1)ortioned to the wearing stones/by weight in a ratio approximately 1:2, the smaller stones serving as keys to the lar-er stones and the .liole being bound with a bituminous material as described.

A Wearing surface in a pavement or roadway composed of Wearing and filling stones, each of the filling stones having a Weight which to the Wearing stones approxiinateiy in the ratio of 1:50 and the quantity by- Weiglit of filling` st'ones being proportioned to the wearing stones in approximately the ratio` oi' 1:1?, the smaller stones serving` as keys to the larger stones and the Whole being bound by a bituminous cement as described.

AUG ST E. SCHUTTE. ln the presenceV ot'- RoBnnT BREWER,

M. V. FOLEY. 

